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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusworld</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Россия и мир: научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russia &amp; World: Sc. Dialogue</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3067</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИРК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53658/RW2023-3-3(9)-20-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusworld-156</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ, ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ И РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ. Международные отношения, глобальные и региональные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL, GLOBAL AND REGIONAL PROCESSES. International relations, global and regional studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Закон экспансии» Ф.Ратцеля в условиях формирования нового миропорядка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Friedrich Ratzel’s Law of the Spatial Growth of States in the Situation of the New World Order Formation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-5980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барахвостов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barakhvostov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барахвостов Павел Александрович. Кандидат политических наук. Доцент. Доцент кафедры политологии</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Barakhvostov. CandSc (Polit.). Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barakhvostov@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Белорусский государственный экономический университет<country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Belarusian State Economic University<country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барахвостов П.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барахвостов П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barakhvostov P.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/156">https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/156</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящей работе, базируясь на институциональном подходе, осуществлена попытка дать ответ, насколько справедлив «закон экспансии» Ф.Ратцеля в условиях формирования нового миропорядка. Показано, что в современных условиях инстинкт самосохранения побуждает общественные системы не к территориальной экспансии за счет непосредственного увеличения занимаемого географического пространства, а к интеграции в различных формах, в основе которой – единый нормативный подход к механизмам функционирования союза. В этом смысле интеграция представляет собой своеобразную форму расширения занимаемого социумом пространства (экспансии). Интеграционные союзы могут увеличиваться, но до некоторого предела (предела насыщения, или экспансии), определяемого не естественными пределами географического пространства, а возможностью выработки единой позиции по основным вопросам функционирования, единых норм и практик. Как правило, союзы (альянсы) не являются абсолютно симметричными и включают «ядро» и периферию интеграции. К первым относятся наиболее сильные в экономическом и политическом отношении государства. При этом вследствие асимметрии союзов имеет место трансплантация институтов «ядра» на периферию и двунаправленная институциональная диффузия, что обусловлено стремлением к институциональной конвергенции, которая облегчает взаимодействие в пределах союза. Таким образом, внутри союзов образуются «каналы» институциональной экспансии интегрируемых социумов. Трансплантация и диффузия институтов являются механизмами осуществления экспансии в современных условиях. Показано, что при интеграции общественных систем с целью смягчения возможных институциональных дисбалансов задействуются институты, комплементарные к доминирующим в институциональной матрице: при интеграции Х-матричных стран – рыночные, и наоборот.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this paper, on the basis of an institutional approach, it is analyzed how fair the “law of expansion” of F. Ratzel is in the current situation of the formation of a new world order. It is shown that in modern conditions the instinct of self-preservation induces social systems not to territorial expansion due to an increase in the occupied geographical space, but to integration in various forms, which is based on a single normative approach to the mechanisms of the functioning of the union. In this sense, integration is a kind of expansion of the space occupied by society. Integration unions can increase, but up to a certain limit (saturation limit), determined not by the boundaries of geographical space, but by the possibility of developing a common position on the main issues of functioning, common norms and practices. As a rule, alliances are not absolutely symmetrical and include the “core” and the periphery of integration. The former include the most economically and politically strong states. At the same time, due to the asymmetry of the unions, the “core” institutions are transplanted to the periphery and there is a bidirectional institutional diffusion, which is due to the desire for institutional convergence, and this facilitates interaction within the union. Thus, “channels” for the institutional expansion of integrable societies are formed within the unions. Transplantation and diffusion of institutions are the mechanisms for the implementation of expansion in modern conditions. It is shown that when integrating social systems in order to mitigate possible institutional imbalances, the action of institutions that are complementary to the dominant ones in the institutional matrix is included: when integrating X-matrix countries - market ones, and vice versa.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>геополитический подход</kwd><kwd>геополитическое пространство</kwd><kwd>экспансия</kwd><kwd>институциональный подход</kwd><kwd>интеграция</kwd><kwd>регионализм</kwd><kwd>регионализация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>geopolitical approach</kwd><kwd>geopolitical space</kwd><kwd>expansion</kwd><kwd>institutional approach</kwd><kwd>integration</kwd><kwd>regionalism</kwd><kwd>regionalization</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Байков А.А. Сравнительная интеграция. 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