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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusworld</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Россия и мир: научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russia &amp; World: Sc. Dialogue</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3067</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИРК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53658/RW2024-4-1(11)-187-199</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusworld-225</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬ. История международных отношений и внешней политики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE AND MODERNITY. History of international relations and foreign policy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние холодной войны  на состояние афганского общества</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Impact of the Cold War on the Afghan  Society</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9581-6453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погосян</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poghosyan</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ПОГОСЯН Владимир Арменович. Преподаватель кафедры истории Армении и обществознания Иджеванского филиала ЕГУ, соискатель кафедры всеобщей истории ЕГУ. Директор библиотеки</p><p>4001, г. Иджеван, ул. Метагагорцнери, д. 50</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. POGHOSYAN. Lecturer at the Department of History of Armenia and Social Studies, YSU Ijevan branch, applicant for the Department of General History</p><p>50, st. Metaghagortsneri, Ijevan, 4001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladimir.pogosyan@ysu.am</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Иджеванский филиал Ереванского государственного университета<country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Ijevan branch of Yerevan State University<country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>187</fpage><lpage>199</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Погосян В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Погосян В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Poghosyan V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/225">https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/225</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена особенностям политики глобальных игроков холодной войны на примере Афганистана. Подчеркивая особенности афганской политики холодной войны, автор выделил модельное содержание самого понятия «холодная война», политические события в Афганистане, внутренние и внешние вызовы, этнические проблемы и проблему женщин в период холодной войны. Рассматривается влияние геополитических процессов на развитие, внутренние и внешние интересы афганского общества в XX в., социальные, экономические и политические последствия влияния, особенности развития политической системы и политической культуры Афганистана, этнические проблемы в афганском общественном дискурсе и др. Автор заключает, что холодная война сверхдержав оказала прямое влияние на внутриполитическое развитие в Афганистане, где представленные партии и общественные организации сформировались и идеологически стали политическими органами, имеющими светскую или исламскую систему ценностей. Автор приходит к выводу, что внутриполитическое единство афганского общества не было обеспечено и по той причине, что афганская элита не смогла сформировать идеологию, выражающую национальное единство, а отдельные ее части предпочли служить интересам того или иного игрока, не поддерживая национальные интересы Афганистана.</p><p>Статья подготовлена в рамках Программы международной академической мобильности, организованной Национальным исследовательским институтом развития коммуникаций (г. Москва) для молодых ученых зарубежных стран.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the policies of the global players of the Cold War using the example of Afghanistan. Noting the features of the Afghan policy of the Cold War, the author highlighted the key content of the very concept of the Cold War, political events in Afghanistan, internal and external challenges, ethnic problems and the problem of women during the Cold War. The influence of geopolitical processes on the development, internal and external interests of Afghan society in the 20th century, the social, economic and political consequences of the Cold War, features of the development of the political system and political culture of Afghanistan, ethnic problems in Afghan public discourse, etc. are considered. The author concludes that “The Cold War of the superpowers had a direct impact on internal political developments in Afghanistan, where parties and public organizations emerged as political structures with secular or Islamic ideology. The author comes to the conclusion that the internal political unity of Afghan society was not ensured for the reason that the Afghan elite was unable to form an ideology expressing national unity, and its individual parts preferred to serve the interests of one or another player without supporting the national interests of Afghanistan.</p><p>The article was prepared according to the International Academic Mobility Program, organized by the National Research Institute of the Communications Development (Moscow) for young scientists from foreign countries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Афганистан</kwd><kwd>холодная война</kwd><kwd>афганский кризис</kwd><kwd>политическая инкубация</kwd><kwd>исламская система ценностей</kwd><kwd>консервативное общество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Afghanistan</kwd><kwd>Cold War</kwd><kwd>Afghan crisis</kwd><kwd>political incubation</kwd><kwd>Islamic value system</kwd><kwd>conservative society</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ахрамович Р.Т. 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