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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusworld</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Россия и мир: научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russia &amp; World: Sc. Dialogue</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3067</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИРК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53658/RW2024-4-2(12)-197-221</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusworld-242</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬ. История международных отношений и внешней политики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE AND MODERNITY. History of international relations and foreign policy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нефтяной кризис 1973 г.: взгляд  спустя полвека</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The 1973 Oil Crisis:  a Look after half a Century</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7164-1321</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ЯКОВЛЕВ Александр Иванович - Доктор исторических наук. Профессор. Главный научный  сотрудник</p><p>107031, г. Москва, ул. Рождественка, 12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. YAKOVLEV - DSc.(Hist.). Professor. Chief Researcher</p><p>12, Rozhdestvenka Street, Moscow, 107031</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aliv_yak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт востоковедения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>221</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлев А.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлев А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovlev A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/242">https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/242</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются предпосылки и последствия мирового нефтяного кризиса 1973 г. Обращено внимание не только на политические причины, побудившие арабские страны-экспортеры нефти использовать «нефтяное оружие» (нерешенность Ближневосточного конфликта и палестинской проблемы), но также на кризисные явления в западной экономике. Тем самым не только арабские страны, но и могущественные нефтяные компании, за которыми стояли западные страны, прежде всего США, оказывались заинтересованными в переменах. Для Запада нефтяной кризис в краткосрочном плане вызвал трудности и проблемы, но в долгосрочном плане оказался катализатором, ускорившим структурные и технологические перемены в западной экономике, в мировой финансовой системе. Для нефтедобывающих стран Арабского Востока нефтяной кризис позволил резко увеличить уровень доходов государства, что открывало возможности для ускоренного социально-экономического развития, а также повысил авторитет этих стран и ОПЕК в международных отношениях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the prerequisites and consequences of the global oil crisis of 1973. It analyzes not only the political reasons that prompted the Arab oil exporting countries to use the “oil weapon” (the unresolved Middle East conflict and the Palestinian problem), but also the crisis phenomena in the Western economy. Not only Arab countries, but also powerful oil companies, backed by Western countries, especially the United States, were interested in change. For the West, the oil crisis caused difficulties and problems in the short term, but in the long term it turned out to be a catalyst that accelerated structural and technological changes in the Western economy and in the global financial system. The oil crisis allowed the oil-producing countries of the Arab East to sharply increase the level of state income, which opened up opportunities for accelerated socio-economic development, and also increased the authority of these countries and OPEC in international relations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нефть</kwd><kwd>нефтяной кризис</kwd><kwd>«нефтяное оружие»</kwd><kwd>нефтяные монополии</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Саудовская Аравия</kwd><kwd>доллар</kwd><kwd>нефтедоллары</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oil</kwd><kwd>oil crisis</kwd><kwd>“oil weapons”</kwd><kwd>oil monopolies</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Saudi Arabia</kwd><kwd>dollar</kwd><kwd>petrodollars</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боронов Р. Нефть и политика США на Ближнем и Среднем Востоке [Oil and US policy in the Middle East.]. 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