rusworldРоссия и мир: научный диалогRussia & World: Sc. Dialogue2782-3067НИИРК10.53658/RW2024-4-3(13)-132-141rusworld-256Research ArticleИЗМЕНЯЮЩИЙСЯ СОЦИУМ. Социальная структура, социальные институты и процессы. Политическая социологияCHANGING SOCIETY. Social structure, social institutions and processesИнтеграционные проекты и институциональные матрицыIntegration Projects and Institutional Matriceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-5980БарахвостовП. А.BarakhvostovР. A.

Барахвостов  Павел Александрович - кандидат политических наук, доцент, доцент кафедрыполитологии 

220070, г. Минск, Партизанский проспект, 26

Pavel A. Barakhvostov - CandSc. (Polit.). Associate Professor. Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science

26, Partizansky Prospekt, Minsk, 22070

barakhvostov@yandex.byБелорусский государственный экономический университетБеларусьBelarusian State Economic UniversityBelarus20241909202403132141Copyright © Барахвостов П.А., 20242024Барахвостов П.А.Barakhvostov Р.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/256

В настоящей работе автор, базируясь на институциональном подходе, осуществил попытку дать ответ на вопрос о причинах формирования в регионе того или другого порядка. Показана связь регионального порядка и регионального регулирования с типом институциональных матриц интегрирующихся стран. Установлено, что при интеграции общественных систем с целью смягчения возможных институциональных дисбалансов задействуются институты, комплементарные к доминирующим в институциональной матрице: при интеграции Х-матричных стран – рыночные, и наоборот. К числу факторов, блокирующих регионализм в интеграционных проектах, включающих страны с институциональными матрицами одинакового типа, относятся: наличие одного ярко выраженного гегемона и его поддержка наднациональных органов регулирования, а также присутствие в регионе федеративных, а не унитарных государств. Установлено, что для стран с различными типами институциональной матрицы возможно сближение (например, сотрудничество в сфере безопасности либо участие в зоне свободной торговли), однако интеграция в данном случае будет ограничиваться лишь отдельными сферами, имеющими исключительное значение для общественных систем, при превалировании процессов регионализации (интеграции «снизу» без создания каких-нибудь значимых и эффективных наднациональных органов). Факторами, препятствующими развитию как регионализма, так и регионализации в регионе, являются усиливающиеся политические разногласия между странами, поляризация по религиозному признаку, проявления национализма и расизма.

In this paper, an attempt is made to understand the reasons for the formation of a particular order in a region based on the institutional approach. The connection between regional order and regional regulation with the type of institutional matrices of integrating countries is shown. It is established that when integrating social systems in order to mitigate possible institutional imbalances, institutions complementary to those dominant in the institutional matrix are used: when integrating X-matrix countries – market institutions and vice versa. The factors blocking regionalism in  integration projects involving countries with institutional matrices of the same type include: the presence of one clearly expressed hegemon and its support of supranational regulatory bodies, the presence of federal rather than unitary states in the region. It has been established that for countries with different types of institutional matrix, convergence is possible (for example, cooperation in the security sphere, participation in the Free Trade Zone), but integration in this case will be limited to only certain areas that are of exceptional importance for social systems, with the prevalence of regionalization processes (integration “from below” without the creation of any significant and effective supranational bodies). Factors that hinder the development of both regionalism and regionalization are increasing political differences between countries, polarization along religious lines, manifestations of nationalism and racism.

институциональный подходинституциональная матрицаобщественная системаинтеграциярегионализмрегионализацияinstitutional approachinstitutional matrixsocial systemintegrationregionalismregionalizationReferencesБайков А.А. Сравнительная интеграция. Практика и модели интеграции в зарубежной Европе и Тихоокеанской Азии [Comparative integration. Practices and models of integration in foreign Europe and Pacific Asia]. М.: Аспект Пресс, 2012.Baikov А.А. Comparative integration. Practices and models of integration in foreign Europe and Pacific Asia. Мoscow: Аspect Press, 2012 [In Russian].Дюркгейм Э. Социология. Ее предмет, метод, предназначение [Sociology. Its subject, method, purpose]. М.: Канон, 1995.Durkheim E. Sociology. Its subject, method, purpose. Moscow, Каnon, 1995 [In Russian].Кирдина С.Г. Институциональные матрицы и развитие России: введение в X–Y теорию [Institutional Matrices and Russia’s Development: An Introduction to X-Y Theory]. СПб., НесторИстория, 2014.Kirdina S.G. Institutional Matrices and Russia’s Development: An Introduction to X-Y Theory. Saint- Petersburg: Nestor-Istoria, 2014 [In Russian].Кирдина С.Г. Роль институтов и географии в экономическом развитии: актуальная полемика в гетеродоксальной экономике [The role of institutions and geography in economic development: current controversy in heterodox economics] // Пространственная экономика. 2016. № 3. С. 133–150. https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2016.3.133–150.Kirdina S.G. The role of institutions and geography in economic development: current controversy in heterodox economics. Spatial Economics, 2016; 3:133–150 [In Russian]. https://doi.org/10.14530/se.2016.3.133–150.Лагутина М.Л. Глобальный регион как элемент мировой политической системы XXI века [Global region as an element of the world political system of the 21st century] // Сравнительная политика. 2015. № 2(19). C. 16–21.Lagutina M.L. Global region as an element of the world political system of the 21st century. Comparative politics. 2015; 2(19):16–21 [In Russian].Либман А.М. «Интеграция снизу» в Центральной Азии [“Integration from below” in Central Asia] // Евразийская экономическая интеграция. 2009. № 1. С. 6–26.Libman А. М. “Integration from below” in Central Asia. Journal of Eurasian Economic Integration, 2009; 1:006–026 [In Russian].Acharya A. Whose Ideas Matter? Agency and Power in Asian Regionalism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-165X.2010.tb02069.Acharya A. Whose Ideas Matter? Agency and Power in Asian Regionalism. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 2009 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-165X.2010.tb02069.Ballinger P., Brunswick M. Beyond the “New” Regional Question? Regions, Territoriality, and the Space of Anthropology in Southeastern Europe // Regions, Regional Identity and Regionalism in Southeastern Europe / ed. K.Roth, U.Brunnbaer. Ethologia Balkanica. 2007. Vol. 11. P. 59–79.Ballinger P., Brunswick M. Beyond the “New” Regional Question? Regions, Territoriality, and the Space of Anthropology in Southeastern Europe. Regions, Regional Identity and Regionalism in Southeastern Europe. U. Brunnbaer Ethologia Balkanica. 2007; 11:59–79 [In English].Beeson M. Asymmetrical Regionalism: China, Southeast Asia and Uneven Development // East Asia. 2010. Vol. 27. No. 4. P. 329–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12140-010-9121-0.Beeson M. Asymmetrical Regionalism: China, Southeast Asia and Uneven Development. East Asia, 2010; 27(4):329–343 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12140-010-9121-0.Flockhart T. The Liberal International Order and Peaceful Change: Spillover and the Importance of Values, Visions, and Passions // Ethics & International Affairs. 2020. Vol. 34. No. 4. P. 521–533.Flockhart T. The Liberal International Order and Peaceful Change: Spillover and the Importance of Values, Visions, and Passions. Ethics & International Affairs. 2020; 34(4):521–533 [In English].Gallup J.L., Sachs J., Mellinger A. Geography and Economic Development // International Regional Science Review. 1999. Vol. 22. P. 179–232. https://doi.org/10.3386/w6849.Gallup J.L., Sachs J., Mellinger A. Geography and Economic Development. International Regional Science Review. 1999; 22:179–232 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.3386/w6849.Ghica L.A. Beyond Regional Integration? Social Constructivism, Regional Cohesiveness and the Regionalism Puzzle // Studia Politica. Romanian Political Science Review. 2013. Vol. 13. No. 4. P. 733–752.Ghica L.A. Beyond Regional Integration? Social Constructivism, Regional Cohesiveness and the Regionalism Puzzle. Studia Politica. Romanian Political Science Review. 2013; 13(4): 733–752 [In English].Hausmann R., Pritchett L., Rodrik D. Growth accelerations // Journal of Economic Growth. 2005. Vol. 10. No. 4. P. 303–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887–005–4712–0.Hausmann R., Pritchett L., Rodrik D. Growth accelerations. Journal of Economic Growth. 2005; 10(4):303–329 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887–005–4712–0.Katzenstein P., Okawara N. Japan and Asian-Pacific Security // Rethinking Security in East Asia: Identity, Power, and Efficiency / J.J.Suh, P.Katzenstein, and A.Carlson (eds.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2004. P. 97–130. https://doi.org/10.1162/016228801753399754.Katzenstein P., Okawara N. Japan and Asian-Pacific Security. Rethinking Security in East Asia: Identity, Power, and Efficiency, J.J.Suh, P.Katzenstein, and A.Carlson (eds.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2004:97–130 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.1162/016228801753399754.Katzenstein P.J. A World of Regions: Asia and Europe in the American Imperium. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2005. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501700385.Katzenstein P.J. A World of Regions: Asia and Europe in the American Imperium. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2005 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501700385MacIntyre A., Ravenhill J. The Future of Asian regional institutions // Integrating Regions: Asia in Comparative Context / M.Kahler and A.MacIntyre (eds.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2013. P. 245–266.MacIntyre A., Ravenhill J. The Future of Asian regional institutions. Integrating Regions: Asia in Comparative Context, M Kahler and A.MacIntyre (eds.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2013:245–266 [In English].Murden S.W. The Secondary Institutions of the Middle Eastern Regional Interstate Society // International Society and the Middle East: English School Theory at the Regional Level / B.Buzan and A.Gonzalez-Pelaez (eds.). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. P. 117–139.Murden S.W. The Secondary Institutions of the Middle Eastern Regional Interstate Society. International Society and the Middle East: English School Theory at the Regional Level, B. Buzan and A. Gonzalez-Pelaez (eds.). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009:117–139 [In English].North D.C. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808678.North D.C. Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1990 [In English]. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808678.Orford A. Regional Orders, Geopolitics, and the Future of International Law // Current Legal Problems. 2021. Vol. 74. No. 1. P. 149–194.Orford A. Regional Orders, Geopolitics, and the Future of International Law. Current Legal Problems, 2021; 74 (1):149–194 [In English].Pomfret R. Different Paths to Economic Integration in Europe and Asia // ADBI Working Paper 1063. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute, 2019. Available: https://www.adb.org/publications/different-paths-economic-integration-europe-and-asia.Pomfret R. Different Paths to Economic Integration in Europe and Asia. ADBI Working Paper 1063. Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute, 2019 [In English]. Available: https://www.adb.org/publications/different-paths-economic-integration-europe-and-asia.Solingen E. Regional Order at Century’s Dawn: Global and Domestic Influences and Grand Strategy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.Solingen E. Regional Order at Century’s Dawn: Global and Domestic Influences and Grand Strategy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998 [In English].Tripp C. Regional Organizations in the Arab Middle East // Regionalism in World Politics: Regional Organization and International Order / Fawcett and A.Hurrell (eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. P. 283–308.Tripp C. Regional Organizations in the Arab Middle East. Regionalism in World Politics: Regional Organization and International Order. Fawcett and A.Hurrell (eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995:283–308 [In English].

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.