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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rusworld</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Россия и мир: научный диалог</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russia &amp; World: Sc. Dialogue</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-3067</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИИРК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53658/RW2024-4-4(14)-151-163</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">rusworld-281</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗМЕНЯЮЩИЙСЯ СОЦИУМ. Социальная структура, социальные институты и процессы. Политическая социология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHANGING SOCIETY. Social structure, social institutions and processes</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гибридизация религиозных институтов как индикатор духовно-нравственного кризиса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hybridization of Religious Institutions as Indicator of Spiritual and Moral Crisis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8943-5980</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барахвостов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barakhvostov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барахвостов Павел Александрович - Кандидат политических наук. Доцент. Доцент кафедры политологии,</p><p>220070, г. Минск, Партизанский проспект, 26. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Barakhvostov - CandSc. (Polit.). Associate Professor. Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science,</p><p>26, Partizansky Prospekt, Minsk, 22070</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barakhvostov@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный экономический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Economic University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>151</fpage><lpage>163</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барахвостов П.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барахвостов П.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barakhvostov P.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/281">https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/281</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье явление духовно-нравственного кризиса рассмотрено в рамках институционального подхода, дополненного теорией институциональных матриц (ИМ). Показано, что кризис социальной системы представляет собой неустранимый дисбаланс в институциональной матрице, обусловливающий невозможность продолжать свое развитие по прежней траектории. Установлено существование исторически инвариантного индикатора кризиса социокультурной подсистемы – гибридизации религиозных институтов. Данное явление детально обсуждается на примере кризисов в эпоху Средневековья в Византии и Западной Европе. Установлено, что независимо от типа ИМ христианство в эпоху кризиса сталкивается с гибридизацией дохристианскими практиками и элементами религий контактных общественных систем (в частности, ислама). Целью подобной гибридизации, которая может инициироваться как «сверху» (властью), так и «снизу» (силами общества), является укрепление как доминирующих (определяющих социальную идентичность общества), так и комплементарных (выполняющих компенсаторную функцию) институтов в институциональной матрице. Показано, что при укреплении доминирующих институтов в институциональной матрице с целью преодоления кризиса нельзя их абсолютизировать путем практически полного искоренения комплементарных институтов. Кроме того, институциональный гибрид более устойчив, и его формирование способствует долгосрочному разрешению кризиса только тогда, когда процесс гибридизации учитывает географические условия, в которых живет общество. Изученная в статье гибридизация указывает на то, что религии в своем развитии взаимопроникали друг в друга намного больше, чем принято признавать, и опыт подобной гибридизации является наиболее прочным фундаментом плодотворного межконфессионального диалога.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this paper, the phenomenon of social crisis is studied within the framework of the institutional approach supplemented with the theory of institutional matrices (IM). It is shown that the crisis of the social system constitutes an irreparable disbalance in the institutional matrix, which leads to its inability to develop along the established trajectory. The existence of a historically invariant indicator of the crisis of the sociocultural subsystem has been established - the hybridization of religious institutions. This phenomenon is discussed in detail using the example of crises during the Middle Ages in Byzantium and Western Europe. Christianity, when in crisis, is determined to face, independently of the matrix type, hybridization with pre-Christian practices and elements of the religions of the societies in contact (in particular, Islam). The purpose of such hybridization, initiated either from the above (by the authorities) or from the below (by the grass roots), is in strengthening the dominant (determining the social identity of society) or the complementary (performing the compensatory function) institutions in the institutional matrix. It is shown that upon strengthening the dominant institutions in the institutional matrix with the aim of overcoming the crisis the complementary institutions cannot be totally eradicated. Besides, the formed institutional hybrid is more sustainable and its formation helps to solve the crisis in the long run only when the process of hybridization takes into account the geographical factors of the environment in which society lives. The hybridization, studied in this paper, indicates that religions in their development interpenetrated each other much more than is commonly recognized, and the experience of such hybridization is the most solid foundation for fruitful interfaith dialogue.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>общественная система</kwd><kwd>институты</kwd><kwd>институциональная матрица</kwd><kwd>кризис</kwd><kwd>религия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>social system</kwd><kwd>institutions</kwd><kwd>institutional matrix</kwd><kwd>crisis</kwd><kwd>religion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вильданов И.Э., Падерин В.К. Кризис как показатель назревших социальных изменений [Crisis as an indicator of urgent social changes] // Ученые записки Казанского университета. 2008. Т. 150. Кн. 4. 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