rusworldРоссия и мир: научный диалогRussia & World: Sc. Dialogue2782-3067НИИРК10.53658/RW2022-2-1(3)-110-123rusworld-47Research ArticleИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА И СОВРЕМЕННОСТЬHISTORICAL RETROSPECTIVE AND CONTEMPORANEITYПлеменной нарратив в политическом пространстве СирииTribal narrative in the Syrian political universehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3646-4037КузнецовВ. А.KuznetsovV. A.

КУЗНЕЦОВ Василий Александрович. Кандидат исторических наук. Заведующий Центром арабских и исламских исследований

107031, Российская Федерация, Москва, ул. Рождественка, 12

VASILY A. KUZNETSOV – PhD (History), Head of the Center for Arab and Islamic Studies

107031, Russia, Moscow, Rozhdestvenka st., 12

cais@ivran.ruИнститут востоковедения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20222603202201110123Copyright © Кузнецов В.А., 20222022Кузнецов В.А.Kuznetsov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.russia-world.ru/jour/article/view/47

Статья посвящена проблеме формирования и функционирования племенных нарративов в политическом пространстве Сирии. Показывается, как племенной нарратив выстраивается в форме эпического повествования, в рамках которого те или иные политические события обретают особую логику и наделяются новыми смыслами. Племя, осмысляющее политические отношения через призму этого нарратива, особым образом выстраивает коммуникацию с внешними по отношению к нему силами, в том числе и с государством. Проведенное исследование основывается как на открытых источниках, так и на материалах интервью автора с представителями племени хасана, взятых летом и осенью 2021 года. Результаты исследования, как представляется, могут быть полезны для изучения общих проблем трайбализма и отношений племен и государства на Ближнем Востоке.

The following article deals with the problem of formation and functioning of tribal narratives in the political universe of Syria. The author shows how tribe narrative is structured in the form of epic narration within the framework of which different political events acquire a special logic and vested with new connotations. The tribe which comprehends political relations through the prism of this narrative, structures its communication with forces external relative to it, the state included, in a special way. The accomplished research is based both on open sources and on materials of the author’s interviews with the representatives of Hsana tribe, which he took in summer and autumn 2021. The results of the research, as it seems, could be useful for studying the general problems of tribalism and relations of tribes and state in the Middle East.

племя‘аширахасанаСириясирийский конфликтполитический нарративtribe‘ashiraHsanaSyriaSyrian conflictpolitical narrativeReferencesАганин, А.Р. (2013), Племена, кланы и семейства Катара [Tribes, Clans and Families of Qatar]. Москва: Институт Ближнего Востока.Aganin, A.R. (2013), Tribes, Clans and Families of Qatar [Plemena, klany i semejstva Katara]. Moscow: Institut Blizhnego Vostoka. (In Russian)Аганин, А.Р. (2018), Племена Сирийской пустыни и долины Евфрата [Tribes of the Syrian Desert and Euphrates Valley]. Москва: Институт Ближнего Востока.Aganin, A.R. (2018), Tribes of the Syrian Desert and Euphrates Valley [Plemena Sirijskoj pustyni i doliny Evfrata]. Moscow: Institut Blizhnego Vostoka. (In Russian)Кузнецов, В.А. (2020), “Концепция неомодерна: новые рамки политического бытия. Ближневосточный кейс” [Neo-Modernity: A New Framework for Political Reality. The Middle Eastern Case], Восточный курьеp, № 3–4, с. 27-43. DOI: 10.18254/S268684310012374-9.Bisson, V. (2012), “Tunisiaafter Ben Ali: The Awakening of Tribal Solidarity? Return to a Communitarian South in Transition,” Maghreb-Machrek, No. 212, pp. 15-26. (In French)Наумкин, В.В. (2021), “Современный конвергентный арабский национализм в зеркале исторической памяти” [Modern Convergent Arab Nationalism in the Mirror of Historic Memory], Полис. Политические исследования, № 6, с. 42-59. https://doi.org/10.17976/ jpps/2021.06.04.Chatty, D. (2010), “The Bedouin in Contemporary Syria: The Persistence of Tribal Authority and Control,” Middle East Journal, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 29-49.Пир-Будагова, Э.П. (2015), История Сирии. ХХ век [History of Syria. 20th Century]. Москва: ИВ РАН.Dukhan, H. (2014), “Tribes and Tribalism in the Syrian Uprising,” Syria Studies, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 1-28.Bisson, V. (2012), “Tunisie post-Ben Ali: le réveil des solidarités tribales? Retour dans un Sud communautarisé en pleine transition” [The Awakening of Tribal Solidarity? Return to a Communitarian South in Transition], Maghreb-Machrek, No. 212, pp. 15-26.Hussain, A. (2018), “Analysis: Division Defines Syria’s Tribes and Clans,” The New Humanitarian: Syria Deeply, January 16. URL: https://deeply.thenewhumanitarian.org/syria/articles/2018/01/16/analysis-division-defines-syrias-tribes-and-clans (accessed 24.01.2022).Chatty, D. (2010), “The Bedouin in Contemporary Syria: The Persistence of Tribal Authority and Control,” Middle East Journal, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 29-49.Kark, R., Frantzman, S.J. (2012), “Empire, State and the Bedouin of the Middle East, Past and Present: A Comparative Study of Land and Settlement Policies,” Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 487-510.Dukhan, H. (2014), “Tribes and Tribalism in the Syrian Uprising,” Syria Studies, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 1-28.Khoury, P.S. (1991), “Continuity and Change in Syrian Political Life: The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries,” The American Historical Review, Vol. 96, No. 5, pp. 1374-1395.Hussain, A. (2018), “Analysis: Division Defnes Syria’s Tribes and Clans,” The New Humanitarian: Syria Deeply, January 16. URL: https://deeply.thenewhumanitarian.org/syria/articles/2018/01/16/analysis-division-defnes-syrias-tribes-and-clans (accessed 24.01.2022).Kuznetsov, V.A. (2020), “Neo-Modernity: A New Framework for Political Reality. The Middle Eastern Case [Koncepciya neomoderna: novye ramki politicheskogo bytiya. Blizhnevostochnyĭ keĭs],” Oriental Courier, No. 3-4, pp. 27-43. DOI: 10.18254/S268684310012374-9 (In Russian)Kark, R., Frantzman, S.J. (2012), “Empire, State and the Bedouin of the Middle East, Past and Present: A Comparative Study of Land and Settlement Policies,” Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 487-510.Lange, K. (2006), “Heroic Faces, Disruptive Deeds: Remembering the Tribal Shaykh on the Syrian Euphrates,” Nomadic Societies in the Middle East and North Africa. Ed. D. Chatty. Leiden: E.J. Brill, pp. 940-965.Khoury, P.S. (1991), “Continuity and Change in Syrian Political Life: The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries,” The American Historical Review, Vol. 96, No. 5, pp. 1374-1395.Naumkin, V.V. (2021), “Modern Convergent Arab Nationalism in the Mirror of Historic Memory [Sovremennyĭ konvergentnyĭ arabskiĭ nacionalizm v zerkale istoricheskoj pamyati],” Polis. Political Studies, No. 6, pp. 42-59. https://doi.org/10.17976/ jpps/2021.06.04 (In Russian)Lange, K. (2006), “Heroic Faces, Disruptive Deeds: Remembering the Tribal Shaykh on the Syrian Euphrates,” Nomadic Societies in the Middle East and North Africa. Ed. D. Chatty. Leiden: E.J. Brill, pp. 940-965.Pir-Budagova, E.P. (2015), History of Syria. 20th Century. Moscow: IOS RAS, 2015. (In Russian)Schoel, T. (2011), “The Hsana’s Revenge: Syrian Tribes And Politics In Their Shaykh’s Story,” Nomadic Peoples, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 96–113.Schoel, T. (2011), “The Hsana’s Revenge: Syrian Tribes And Politics In Their Shaykh’s Story,” Nomadic Peoples, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 96-113.Syria Urban Statistics. UN Habitat. 2014. URL: https://unhabitat.org/syria-urban-statistics (accessed 24.01.2022).Syria Urban Statistics. UN Habitat. 2014. URL: https://unhabitat.org/syria-urban-statistics (accessed 24.01.2022).

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.